The aim of this page is to help you develop a sense of what abstract writing is like and what it actually feels like to complete one. This is based on the structural approach called ‘moves”. One may ask what a move is. A move is a function of language use within a particular text type or genre.

What is an abstract?
An abstract is “a short form of a speech, article, book, etc., giving only the most important facts or ideas” (Cambridge)
An abstract is a summary of a larger academic work.
The Five-Move Approach
In general, an abstract has five moves. A move is an aim. They are (1) background or situation, (2) aim of the paper or study, (3) method, (4) results, and (5) recommendations or implications.

Example
- •In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the application of AI chatbots in English language learning.
- This research investigated XYZ.
- Method
- Findings or Results
- Implications or recommendations.
Enter the 2nd move:
Enter the 3rd move:
Enter the 4th move:
Enter the 5th move: